內容目錄 CONTENT
電影「春風化雨」Dead Poets Society中基亭老師有不少教學都是與經典的英文詩詞結合,可說是一部由英文詩貫穿的電影,是喜愛英文詩歌的人不該錯過的電影。這篇介紹的是惠特曼專輯以及著名廣告「Think different」的謬思。
電影中的詩-羅賓威廉斯:春風化雨Dead Poets Society詩譯 上
電影中的詩-羅賓威廉斯:春風化雨Dead Poets Society詩譯 下
站在不同的角度來看待事物
下面這段就是「Think different」廣告的謬思,
凱因斯(John Maynard Keynes)曾說:「困難之處不在於要有新觀念,而是如何擺脫舊窠臼。」。
提醒我們永遠要保有赤子之心,不要被「我知道了」所蒙蔽了。
Why do I stand here?
To feel taller than you?
I stand on my desk to remind myself that we must constantly force ourselves to look at things in a different way.
The world looks different from up here. If you don’t believe it, stand up here and try it. All of you. Take turns.
Just when you think you know something, you have to look at it in another way. Even though it may seem silly or wrong, you must try!
Now, when you read, don’t just consider what the author thinks… consider what you think.
Boys, you must strive to find your own voice.
Because the longer you wait to begin, the less likely you are find it at all.
Thoreau said, “Most men lead lives of quiet desperation.”
Don’t be resigned to that. Break out!
We don’t read and write poetry because it’s cute.
We read and write poetry because we are members of the human race.
And the human race is filled with passion.
And medicine, law, business, engineering, these are noble pursuits and necessary to sustain life.
But poetry, beauty,romance, love, these are what we stay alive for.
我為何要站在這兒(講臺上)?
要感覺自己比別人高??
我站到講臺上是想提醒我自己,我們必須時刻用不同的眼光來看待事物。
當你認為你知道某件事時,必須再以不同角度看它。即使那看來似乎愚笨或錯誤,你們都必須試試。
當你閱讀時,別只想到作者的見解,想想你的見解。
孩子們,你們必須努力尋找自己的聲音,
因為你等候起步的時間愈長,便愈不可能找到它。
梭羅說”大多數人都生活在平靜的絕望中”
別聽任此事發生,要突破!
我們讀詩寫詩,非為它的靈巧。
我們讀詩寫詩,因為我們是人類的一員。
而人類充滿了熱情。
醫藥,法律,商業,工程,這些都是高貴的理想,並且是維生的必需條件。
但是詩,美,浪漫,愛,這些才是我們生存的原因。
引用惠特曼的詩Oh me, Oh life,傳達生而為人,不同於其他生物,思考的價值:
Oh me, Oh life!/ Walt Whitman
To quote from Whitman.
Oh me, Oh life of the questions of these recurring,
of the endless trains of the faithless,
of cities filled with the foolish.
What good amid these Oh me Oh life?
Answer: That you are here,
That life exists and identity,
That the powerful play goes on, and you may contribute a verse.
That the powerful play goes on, and you may contribute a verse.
哦,我!哦,生命!
這個問題不斷重演的生命,
在載運無信仰者的綿延的車廂中,
在充滿愚蠢人的城市裡。
身處其中的意義何在?
答案是你在這兒,
使生命存在,使其有一致性,
使這個強有力的戲演下去,而你能貢獻一首好詩歌。
使這個強有力的戲演下去,而你能貢獻一首好詩歌。
~基廷老師為他的教學定調—讓學生成為自由思想者~
基廷老師啟發式的教學引起同事的不安,於是前來勸戒,於是有了這段對話,而基廷老師為自己的教學目標定調,讓學生成為能夠自由思考成熟的人:
You take a big risk by encouraging them to become artists, John,
When they realize that they’re not Rembrandts, Shakespeares or Mozarts,
They’ll hate you for it.
We’re not talking artists, George. We’re talking freethinkers.
Free-thinkers at 17?
Funny, I never pegged you as a cynic.
Not a cynic. A realist.
Show me the heart unfettered by foolish dreams,
and I’ll show you a happy man.
But only in their dreams can men be truly free,
It was always thus, and always thus will be.
你鼓勵他們成為藝術家是很冒險的,
等他們意識到他們不是林布蘭特,莎士比亞或者莫札特,
他們會因此恨你的。
不是讓他們當藝術家,而是自由思想者。
當一個17歲的自由思想者?
奇怪 沒想到你這麼悲觀。
不是悲觀,是現實。
讓我看到一顆因愚蠢的夢想而掙脫束縛的心,
我就能讓你看見一個快樂的人。
只有在夢想中,人才能真正自由,
從來如此也將永遠如此。
有趣的足球課
運動競技場中感人的運動家精神也被基廷老師拿來鼓勵年輕學生們:
這個場景是運動與詩意的完美結合。
大家排好隊,每人手裡都有一張紙條寫著一句詩,讀完一句詩然後去踢球。
詩歌取自惠特曼《草葉集》中的一首《歡樂之歌》,全文較長,節選後面幾段(以下紅字為學生們有朗誦出來的部分):
Now, devotees may argue…that one sport or game is inherently better than another.
For me, sport is actually a chance for us to have other human beings push us to excel.
愛好運動的人,可能會覺得某一種運動就是比另一種強,
對我來說,運動只是一種讓其他人把我們推向極至的機會。
A Song of Joys/ Walt Whitman
Oh to struggle against great odds, to meet enemies undaunted!
To be entirely alone with them, to find how much one can stand!
To look strife, torture, prison, popular odium, face to face!
To mount the scaffold, to advance to the muzzles of guns with perfect nonchalance!
To be indeed a God!
Oh to sail to sea in a ship!
To leave this steady unendurable land,
To leave the tiresome sameness of the streets, the sidewalks and the houses,
To leave you O you solid motionless land, and entering a ship,
To sail and sail and sail!
Oh to have life henceforth a poem of new joys!
To dance, clap hands, exult, shout, skip, leap, roll on, float on!
To be a sailor of the world bound for all ports,
A ship itself, (see indeed these sails I spread to the sun and air,)
A swift and swelling ship full of rich words, full of joys.
Oh, I live to be the ruler of life, not a slave.
To mount the scaffolds. To advance to the muzzle of guns with perfect nonchalance.
Oh, to have life henceforth the poem of new joys.
To indeed be a god!
歡樂之歌/ 惠特曼
向著強大的勢力鬥爭,勇敢面對敵人!
單槍匹馬面對他們,看一個人能承受多重!
面對面地迎接衝突、刑罰、監牢、眾人的憎恨,
毫無畏懼地登上斷頭臺,沖向槍林彈雨!
成為一個真正的神!
啊,張飽帆于大海吧!
離開這死氣沉沉、不堪忍受的陸地!
離開這乏味的千篇一律的街道、人行道和房子,
離開這凝固不動的陸地,上船吧,
航行,航行,航行!
啊,讓我今後的生活成為一首新的歡樂之歌!
跳舞、拍手、歡騰、喊叫、蹦呀、跳呀、打滾、搖擺,
做一個世界的水手,奔赴所有的碼頭,
就做一條船吧,(看我迎著太陽和天空揚起了帆,)
一條飛快的抖擻的船,裝滿了豐富的詞句,裝滿了歡樂。
我要做生活的主宰,而不是奴隸。
走上絞刑台,面對行刑的槍口,我息安之如泰。
哦,讓生活從此變成一首歡樂的詩。
做一個真正的上帝!
創作課
主題簡單無妨,只是不要太俗套:
Sometimes the most beautiful poetry can be about simple things.
Just don’t let your poems be ordinary.
你可以寫平凡的事物,
但別讓你寫的詩平凡。
~Todd一詩入魂~
基廷老師先提出第一句詞是惠特曼的自我之歌:
Song of Myself/ Walt Whitman
I sound my barbaric yawp over the rooftops of the world.
自我之歌/惠特曼
站在世界屋脊上,我喊出我野性的狂叫。
然後Todd自己的意念流瀉而出:
A sweaty-toothed madman.
I close my eyes. this image floats beside me.
A sweaty-toothed madman with a stare that pounds my brain.
His hands reach out and choke me.all the time he’s mumbling. Truth.
Truth is like, like a blanket that always leaves your feet cold.
You push it, stretch it, it’ll never be enough.
You kick at it, beat it, it’ll never cover any of us.
From the moment we enter crying to the moment we leave dying, it will just cover your face as you wail and cry and scream.
一個牙齒流汗的瘋子,
我閉上眼睛,他的形象在我眼前晃悠。
一個牙齒流汗的瘋子,瞪得我心怦怦直跳。
他伸出手,掐信我的脖子,他一直在念叨真理。
真理就像一床總讓你雙腳冰涼的毯子;
你怎麼扯,怎麼拽,總也不夠;
踢也好,打也好,它總也蓋不住我們,
從我們哭著降生,到我們奄奄一息,它只會蓋住你的臉,不管你如何痛苦,如何叫喊。
我的船長:
~第一堂課~ O Captain, my Captain. 哦 船長 我的船長
基廷老師到這所菁英男校的第一堂課,學生們都還非常拘謹,基廷老師引用惠特曼的『我的船長』來拉近師生的距離:
“Oh Captain, my Captain.
Who knows where that comes from?
Anybody?
Not a clue?
It’s from a poem by Walt Whitman about Mr Abraham Lincoln.
Now in this class you can either call me Mr Keating…
or, if you’re slightly more daring, ”O Captain, my Captain.””
“哦 船長 我的船長
有誰知道出自哪兒嗎?
有嗎?
沒人知道?
出自惠特曼為林肯寫的一首詩
聽好 在班上你們可以叫我基亭老師…
或者有膽量的話就叫”哦 船長 我的船長””
結尾,從學校的迂腐角度及推卸責任的態度,基廷老師必須為Nile的死負責。
電影最後,基亭老師要離開教職,學生們記取「要用不同的角度看事情」的師訓,站到書桌上送別他們心中的Oh ,captain ,my captain!!
(看到這一幕大概沒有人不落淚的)
哦.船長,我的船長/惠特曼
為紀念林肯總統而作,
大鬍子林肯在當時尚未有「族群平等」的觀念時,以廣闊的胸襟企圖變革,猶如掌舵的船長引領平民向前走。
基亭老師的眼光及胸襟同樣領先當代,所以希望學生們稱呼他為Oh ,captain ,my captain而不是老師,
以下是Oh ,captain ,my captain!全詩:
Oh ,captain ,my captain!/ Walt Whitman
Oh Captain! My Captain! Our fearful trip is done,
The ship has weather’d every rack, the prize we sought is won,
The port is near, the bells I hear, the people all exulting,
While follow eyes the steady keel, the vessel grim and daring;
But Oh heart! heart! heart!
Oh the bleeding drops of red!
Where on the deck my Captain lies,
Fallen cold and dead.
Oh Captain! my Captain! rise up and hear the bells;
Rise up -for you the flag is flung -for you the bugle trills,
For you bouquets and ribbon’d wreaths-for you the shores crowding,
For you they call, the swaying mass, their eager faces turning;
Here, Captain! dear father!
This arm beneath your head;
It is some dream that on the deck,
You’ve fallen cold and dead.
My Captain does not answer, his lips are pale and still,
My father does not feel my arm , he has no pulse nor will;
The ship is anchor’d safe and sound, its voyage closed and done;
From fearful trip the victor ship comes in with object won;
Exult, Oh shores! and ring, Oh bells!
But I, with mournful tread,
Walk the deck my captain lies,
Fallen cold and dead.
哦.船長,我的船長!/
哦.船長,我的船長!我們險惡的航程已經告終,
我們的船安渡過驚濤駭浪,我們尋求的獎賞已贏得手中。
港口已經不遠,鐘聲我已聽見,萬千人眾在歡呼呐喊,
目迎著我們的船從容返航,我們的船威嚴而且勇敢。
可是,心啊!心啊!心啊!
哦.殷紅的血滴流瀉,
在甲板上,那裡躺著我的船長,
他已倒下,已死去,已冷卻。
哦,船長,我的船長!起來吧,請聽聽這鐘聲,
起來,旌旗,為你招展;號角,為你長鳴。
為你.岸上擠滿了人群;為你,無數花束、彩帶、花環;
為你,熙攘的群眾在呼喚,轉動著多少殷切的臉。
這裡,船長!親愛的父親!
你頭顱下邊是我的手臂!
這是甲板上的一場夢啊,
你已倒下,已死去,已冷卻。
我們的船長不作回答,他的雙唇慘白、寂靜,
我的父親不能感覺我的手臂,他已沒有脈搏、沒有生命,
我們的船已安全拋錨碇泊,航行已完成,已告終,
勝利的船從險惡的旅途歸來,我們尋求的已贏得手中。
歡呼,哦,海岸!轟鳴,哦,洪鐘!
可是,我卻輕移悲傷的步履,
在甲板上,那裡躺著我的船長,
已倒下,已死去,已冷卻。
注一:惠特曼(Walt Whitman)是很有八卦聊的大詩人:1全家幾乎都是瘋子或智慧不足,獨獨出了他一個全美國最有名氣的大詩人。2有兩個哥哥,一個名字是喬治‧華盛頓,另一個叫做湯瑪士‧傑佛遜,他們都發瘋了。(He had two brothers one named George Washington Whitman and the other one Thomas Jefferson Whitman. They both became insane.)
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